Principle of solar power generation
There are many kinds of materials, such as: single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, indium selenium copper and so on. Their power generation principles are basically the same.
The solar power generation system is composed of solar battery packs, solar controllers, and storage batteries (groups). If the output power is AC 220V or 110V, an inverter is also required. The functions of each part are:
(1) Solar panel: The solar panel is the core part of the solar power generation system, and it is also the most valuable part of the solar power generation system. Its function is to convert the sun’s radiation ability into electrical energy, or store it in the battery, or promote work load. The quality and cost of solar panels will directly determine the quality and cost of the entire system.
(2) Solar controller: The function of the solar controller is to control the working state of the whole system, and to protect the battery from over-charging and over-discharging. In places with large temperature differences, qualified controllers should also have the function of temperature compensation. Other additional functions such as light control switch and time control switch should be optional options of the controller.
(3) Battery: generally lead-acid battery, nickel metal hydride batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries or lithium batteries can also be used for small and micro system. Its function is to store the electric energy from solar panels when there is light, and release it when needed.
4) Inverter: In many occasions, it is necessary to provide 220VAC and 110VAC AC power. Because the direct output of solar energy is generally 12VDC, 24VDC, 48VDC. In order to provide power to 220VAC electrical appliances, it is necessary to convert the DC power generated by the solar power generation system into AC power, so a DC-AC inverter is required. In some occasions, when loads with multiple voltages are required, DC-DC inverters are also used, such as converting 24VDC power into 5VDC power (note that it is not a simple step-down).
The design of solar power generation system needs to consider the following factors:
Q1. Where is the solar power system used? How is the solar radiation in the area?
Q2. What is the load power of the system?
Q3. What is the output voltage of the system, DC or AC?
Q4. How many hours does the system need to work every day?
Q5. If there is rainy weather without sunlight, how many days does the system need to supply power continuously?
Q6. The condition of the load, purely resistive, capacitive or inductive, what is the starting current?
Q7. How many system requirements?
Post time: Dec-17-2022